Showing posts with label endemic. Show all posts
Showing posts with label endemic. Show all posts

Friday, December 20, 2013

South

Handing my last assignment into the office signified the end of a long university year and the beginning of a nine day photographic expedition. Minutes after handing the paper in, I was heading South down State Highway One full of anticipation and buzzing with excitement. 

I planned to spend the first few days around Lake Tekapo, in hope of photographing nesting wrybill, Australasian crested grebes, and of course the rare and endangered black stilts. When I arrived at the campgrounds that evening, I was surprised to spot four rare creatures feeding at the edge of the lake, usually solitary creatures, four wildlife photographers were gathered at the lake's edge. It was nice catching up with Glenda Rees, Craig McKenzie and Tim Rumble & Nick Rumble and we happily chatted the night away about bird photography. The next few days presented opportunities to photograph nesting and brooding wrybill, black stilts and Australasian crested grebes. An elusive marsh crake also made an welcome appearance. 

Above: Wrybill nest: Nothing more than a scrape in the ground, a wrybill stands over a solitary egg.

Above: A male wrybill, broods its young chick. Note: The curved bill that gives the wrybill its' name.

Sporting a sideways turning bill, the endemic wrybill (Anarhynchus frontalis) or ngutuparore is one of New Zealand’s bird oddities – the only bird in the world with such a feature. It uses the bill like a hook to gather insect larvae and eggs from beneath stones, or as a spoon to scoop crustaceans from mud. It's hard to estimate the population of these small cryptic plovers, wintering flocks suggest a total population of 5000-5500, although counts show high variability (which obscures trends); unfortunately the population is believed to be declining.

Brooding Mother: A young chick seeks shelter from its mother. 

After a few days around Lake Tekapo, I headed South towards Lake Pukaki, in the hope of photographing New Zealand's original 'All Blacks', the black stilt (Himantopus novaezelandiae), which are an extremely rare endemic bird (found only in New Zealand). Māori call these rare birds Kakī and regard them as a taonga – a living treasure. I always feel extremely fortunate to photograph these birds in their natural habitat. Kakī have black and white plumage until the age of 18 months when they acquire their black plumage. In 1981 kakī numbers declined to a low of just 23 birds, and thanks to the continuing efforts and intensive management their are currently approximately 100 birds. 

  Above: An adult black stilt in full adult plumage.
 Above and below: Two young black stilts mate. Black stilts are known to mate for life.
 
Above: The male drapes his wing over the female as they cross bills in a stylised mating ritual.


Along with wrybill and black stilts, New Zealand's braided rivers provide important nesting grounds for another of New Zealand's rare and endemic birds, New Zealand's original 'Black Caps', the black-fronted tern. These stylish small terns sport a stunning blue-grey coat which is contrasted by their black cap and bright orange beak and legs. There is an estimated population of between 5,000 - 10,000 individuals. When nesting their diet consists of emerging nymph and subimago mayflies, fish, earthworms, grass grub larvae and skinks etc.

Above: An adult black-fronted tern in full breeding plumage. 
 
Above: An adult and small chick on the nest, their nests are simple scrapes amongst river stones. 

I couldn't venture South without visiting my old friends, the fiordland crested penguins. I arrived a little later on in the nesting season this year, which revealed a different side to these photogenic penguins. Arriving a little later meant that most chicks were close to leaving their nesting sites. It was a thrill to witness a few young, adventurous penguins making their way to the ocean for possibly their first time. For the young penguins the beach was like a playground, the pebbles, boulders, and water provided exiting new experiences.
 
 Above: Holding Hands: Fiordland crested penguins make their way to the ocean after an evening at the nest. 
Above: A young fiordland crested penguin strolls down to the beach.

Above: A young adventurous fiordland crested penguin plays in a puddle.


On the way back to Christchurch, I payed a quick visit to another, perhaps less known New Zealand endemic, the fernbird. Fernbirds inhabit wetlands throughout New Zealand, but are rarely seen because of their secretive nature.

Fernbirds are closely related to the grassbirds Megalurus of Australia, and can be identified by their loose and tattered fern-like tail.

Regarded as tapu, Māori revered the Fernbird as an "oracle" or "Wise bird" (Manu tohu). The calls of the bird were interpreted as heralding success or failure in daily activities such as fishing but on a more serious level could also portend prosperity and health or disaster and death. Fernbirds were also offered as a sacrifice when the Maori returned home from an unsuccessful war. Right: Fernbird with nesting material.

In January 2014, I will be exhibiting some photographs at the Amuri Community Arts Gallery in Hanmer Springs. I will be hanging the exhibition on the 4th of January and will be personally there from the 4th - 6th of January. So if you are up in that direction or feel like a day trip to the picturesque Hanmer Springs come have a look and a chat. 

January 2014   |   Amuri Community Arts Gallery   |   Cheltenham St, Hanmer Springs, Hurunui
 
 Below: 2014 Range of Jonathan Harrod Photography business cards.
Thanks for viewing!

Sunday, January 9, 2011

SPOTLIGHT: New Zealand Scaup (Aythya novaeseelandiae)

  NEW ZEALAND'S DIVING DUCK


It's been a while since my last post partly because of the time of year, the weather, and partly because I've been spreading out my time on a few different projects lately. One of which has been building a hide/blind to fit onto my kayak. After a bit of research I noticed that there weren't too many designs that would suit what I needed as a photographic-aquatic hide, so designing and building something from scratch has been a lot of fun. With the help of my grandfather we designed and built the 'kayak hide' over Christmas (so keep an eye out for shots taken from my new floating hide! =D). Another project which has swallowed up some time has been trying to capture one of my favourite NZ duck species - the New Zealand scaup (Papango). These beautiful diving ducks are a real joy to watch and I've spent a fair bit of time watching a few scaup families here in Christchurch bring up some ducklings. I noticed that black-backed gulls are a real predator of young scaup chicks and unfortunately due to predation only a small percentage of the ducklings watched survived. These small ducklings are amazing to watch when feeding as they leap right out of the water as they dive to feed on small aquatic plants and insects under the waters surface. 

The New Zealand scaup (papango) is endemic to New Zealand. At around 40cm it is New Zealand’s smallest duck. Scaup are our only true diving duck. Their legs are set back on their bodies and splayed which make them expert divers but a little awkward on land and therefore they live their lives almost entirely on the water.   
The birds are easily distinguished by their dark glossy plumage. The male has a striking golden eye and a dark coloured head with a purple/greenish sheen. The female can be recognized by her brown eye and brownish body - In breeding plumage, the female scaup has a small white patch above her beak.
They inhabit many deep freshwater lakes or alpine tarns where they can be often seen gathering in large groups especially during autumn.
Hunters in the late 1800s talked about the ease of killing scaup - they were apparently tasty, unafraid and oblivious to hunters and their dogs. Their numbers decreased rapidly soon after European occupation. With complete protection since 1934 the population is increasing and said to be approximately 20,000.

They can dive to a depth of 3 metres in search of small fish, aquatic plants, water snails, mussels and other invertebrates. They unusually remain submerged for about 15 - 20 seconds but can stay underwater to up to 40 seconds.
During the breeding season males can be seen flinging their heads back with the bill pointing up and their body towards the female while whistling softly in an elaborate courtship display.

They nest from October to March and lay six to ten eggs in a nest close to water often under a thick cover of vegetation. The nest is usually lined with grass and down. The female incubates the eggs for about 28 days.
The ducklings take to diving for food very soon after hatching and remain with the parents for up to eight weeks before dispersing. Young scaup have been described as “tiny brown creatures with disproportionate feet, enormous for their body size”.